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CSS Selectors

CSS selectors are used to target elements in an XML document in order to style them. There are a wide variety of CSS selectors available, allowing for fine-grained precision when selecting elements to style.

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CSS Supported Selectors

The following table summarizes the selectors supported by Oxygen PDF Chemistry:


Pattern	Meaning	Described in section	CSS level
*	Any element.	Universal selector	2
E	An element of type E.	Type selector	1
E[foo]	An `<E>` element with the `@foo` attribute set.	Attribute selectors	2
E[foo="bar"]	An `<E>` element whose `@foo` attribute value is exactly "bar".	Attribute selectors	2
E[foo~="bar"]	An `<E>` element whose `@foo` attribute value is a list of space-separated values, one of which is exactly equal to "bar".	Attribute selectors	2
E[foo^="bar"]	An `<E>` element whose `@foo` attribute value begins exactly with the string "bar".	Attribute selectors	3
E[foo$="bar"]	An `<E>` element whose `@foo` attribute value ends exactly with the string "bar".	Attribute selectors	3
E[foo*="bar"]	An `<E>` element whose `@foo` attribute value contains the substring "bar".	Attribute selectors	3
E[lang\|="en"]	An `<E>` element whose `@lang` attribute has a hyphen-separated list of values beginning (from the left) with "en".	Attribute selectors	2
E.myclass	An `<E>` element whose `@class` is equal to "myclass".	Class selectors	1
E#myid	An `<E>` element whose `@id` is equal to "myid".	ID selectors	1

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CSS Pseudo-Classes and Pseudo-Elements

These keywords may be appended to the last sequence of simple selectors in a selector. It is possible to use one or more keywords in a single simple selector.

Pseudo-Classes

Each of these keywords specifies a special state of the selected element(s).

The following table summarizes the pseudo-classes supported by Oxygen PDF Chemistry:


Pattern	Meaning	Described in section	CSS level
E:root	An `<E>` element, root of the document.	Structural pseudo-classes	3
E:first-child	An `<E>` element, first child of its parent.	Structural pseudo-classes	2
E:last-child	An `<E>` element, last child of its parent.	Structural pseudo-classes	3
E:first-of-type	An `<E>` element, first sibling of its type.	Structural pseudo-classes	3
E:last-of-type	An `<E>` element, last sibling of its type.	Structural pseudo-classes	3
E:only-of-type	An `<E>` element, only sibling of its type.	Structural pseudo-classes	3
E:only-child	An `<E>` element, only child of its parent.	Structural pseudo-classes	3
E:nth-child(n)	An `<E>` element, the n-th child of its parent.	Structural pseudo-classes	3
E:nth-of-type(n)	An `<E>` element, the n-th sibling of its type.	Structural pseudo-classes	3
E:empty	An `<E>` element that has no children (including text nodes).	Structural pseudo-classes	3
E:lang(c)	An `<E>` element in (human) language "c" (the document language specifies how the language is determined).	The :lang() pseudo-class	2
E:has(rs1)	An `<E>` element that has a relative element that matches the rs1 selector (as one of its children), when evaluated with E as the anchor element.	The :has() relational pseudo-class	4

Pseudo-Elements

Each of these keywords lets you style a specific part of the selected element(s).

The following table summarizes the pseudo-elements supported by Oxygen PDF Chemistry:


Pattern	Meaning	Described in section	CSS level
E::first-letter	The first formatted letter of an `<E>` element.	The ::first-letter pseudo-element	1
E::before	Generated content before an `<E>` element.	The ::before pseudo-element	2
E::after(n)	Generated content after an `<E>` element. Setting a value of 1 creates a normal `:before`. A higher value means the generated content is further from the element.	The ::after(n) pseudo-element
E::after	Generated content after an `<E>` element.	The ::after pseudo-element	2
E::before(n)	Generated content before an `<E>` element. Setting a value of 1 creates a normal `:before`. A higher value means the generated content is further from the element.	The ::before(n) pseudo-element
E::marker	Generated by list items to represent the item’s marker (the bullet or number identifying each item). `<E>` should include `display: list-item`.	The ::marker pseudo-element	3

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CSS Combinators

A selector is a chain of one or more sequences of simple selectors that can be separated by combinators. Combining simple selectors gives them a useful relationship to each other and the content location in the document.

The following table summarizes the combinators supported by Oxygen PDF Chemistry:


Pattern	Meaning	Described in section	CSS level
E F	An `<F>` element descendant of an `<E>` element.	Descendant combinator	1
E > F	An `<F>` element child of an `<E>` element.	Child combinator	2
E + F	An `<F>` element immediately preceded by an `<E>` element.	Next-sibling combinator	2
E ~ F	An `<F>` element preceded by an `<E>` element.	Subsequent-sibling combinator	3